免 疫 原：KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human EIF2S1
SWISS：P05198
Gene ID ：1965
Human Gene ID：1965

eIF2 alpha is a 36 kDa protein which is ubiquitously expressed in many cell types. The eIF2 protein, which is composed of three subunits (alpha, beta and gamma), is one of the key molecules in the initiation of translation. In mammalian cells, eIF2 alpha is phosphorylated at serine 51 (human EIF2 alpha, the equivalent residue in mouse is serine 52) by at least two kinases: the haem-controlled repressor (HCR) and the interferon inducible double stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR). Phosphorylation of eIF2 alpha blocks the GDP-GTP exchange activity of eIF2 beta, resulting in the suppression of protein synthesis. The phosphorylation of eIF2 alpha is an important regulatory process in protein synthesis.
Function：Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S preinitiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit
Subunit：Heterotrimer composed of an alpha, a beta and a gamma chain. Component of an EIF2 complex at least composed of CELF1/CUGBP1, CALR, CALR3, EIF2S1, EIF2S2, HSP90B1 and HSPA5. Interaction with METAP2 protects EIF2S1 from inhibitory phosphorylation. Interacts
Subcellular Location：Cytoplasmic granule. Note=The cytoplasmic granules are stress granules which are a dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. Co-localizes with NANOS3 in the stress granules.
Post-translational modifications：Substrate for at least 4 kinases: EIF2AK3/PERK, GCN2, HRI and PKR. Phosphorylation stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF-2B complex and prevents GDP/GTP exchange reaction, thus impairing the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and leading to
Similarity：Belongs to the eIF-2-alpha family.
Contains 1 S1 motif domain.
Important Note：This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.